Piracy and maritime security in the gulf of guinea al. The assailers are concentrating now on crews hostage. Marisk by risk intelligence it is important to understand that many acts of nigerian piracy also have a hidden context that the uncritical reporting in the international press is unaware of. In order to conduct this analysis it is necessary to co, n. Worldwide, the imb piracy reporting centre prc recorded 201 incidents of maritime piracy and armed robbery in 2018, up from 180 in 2017. The gulf of guinea very much remains a highrisk area for piracy and armed robbery. The conditions in the gulf seem to be ideal for the business of shipping due to a large number of natural harbors, the inexistence of chokepoints and the scarcity of adverse weather conditions. Gulf of guinea worlds most dangerous piracy hotspot gard. This is a new addition to existing bmp versions already available which provides guidance on counter measures against piracy and armed robbery at sea. Armed attacks against ships in the oilrich gulf of guinea surged in 2018, making these waters off west and central africa the worlds most dangerous for piracy and armed robbery. City kulak ix enugu trt agip madonna 1 bburbon liberty 251. A large share of the recent piracy attacks targeted. Despite a global decline in piracy and armed robbery in recent years, the gulf of guinea.
Differences and similarities between gulf of guinea and. Recently, the hijacking of product tankers from anchorages in the gulf of guinea is of great concern. Piracy on the rise in gulf of guinea news for the oil. Much of the piracy that affects west africa is a product of the disorder that surrounds the regional oil industry. The coast of somalia and the horn of africa achieves increasing attention since 2007 on the other side piracy in west africa, notably the gulf of guinea, has become the third major recognized area. The gulf of guinea saw a rise in violence at sea in 2016 while global figures of piracy declined. In both gulfs, the most common form of modern maritime piracy and armed robbery at sea is the hijacking of ships, with a focus on kidnapping and ransom payments. Best management practices to deter piracy and enhance maritime security off the coast of west africa including the gulf of guinea bmp west africa produced and supported by. Part of the challenge of addressing piracy in the gulf of guinea, for local governments and for the international community, will be the culture of impunity that continues to exist with respect to. Pdf piracy in gulf of guinea causes, efforts and solutions.
Interim guidelines for owners, operators and masters for. Jan 14, 2019 worldwide, the imb piracy reporting centre prc recorded 201 incidents of maritime piracy and armed robbery in 2018, up from 180 in 2017. Security council expresses deep concern at piracy in gulf. The modus operandi of piracy on the gulf of guinea include violence, especially because they utilise sophisticated weapons, such as ak47s. It has been now recognized connection between periods of increase in number of attacks with activities of boko haram off the coast of gulf of guinea. A large share of the recent piracy attacks targeted vessels carrying petroleum products. This 5th annual report by obp on the cost of maritime piracy is the first ever assessment of the economic and human cost of piracy in the three primary hotspots in the world.
These figures represent only a fraction of the actual attacks in the region as ship owners and governments downplay incidents to avoid increased shipping costs or a reputation for insecurity. Guidelines for owners, operators and masters for protection. The return of petropiracy on 10th january 2018, however, the threat of petropiracy tanker hijackings for product theft reemerged in the gulf of guinea following two years of. Amid the lack of regional cooperation in west africa, piracy in the gulf of guinea has steadily increased since 2010.
The anatomy of gulf of guinea piracy us naval war college. Jan, 2020 london and kuala lumpur, 14 january 2020 despite overall piracy incidents declining in 2019, there was an alarming increase in crew kidnappings across the gulf of guinea, according to the international chamber of commerces international maritime bureaus imb annual piracy report. For much of the past seven years, maritime piracy has been on the increase around africa in spite of growing national, regional and international efforts at improving maritime security in these sea routes. Dynamics and trends of piracy in the gulf of guinea. Piracy in the gulf of guinea accounted for nearly 30% of attacks 427 of 1,434 in african waters between 2003 and 2011, and that proportion is increasing. This was a key observation made by american and african experts at a workshop organised by the africa center for strategic studies in abidjan. Piracy in the gulf of guinea affects a number of countries in west africa as well as the wider international community. A swot analysis of maritime transportation and security in. These attacks occurred in spite of increased attempts at regional and international cooperation to counter the rising incidents of piracy in the gulf of guinea. The outbreak of piracy off the coast of the gulf of guinea has long been overshadowed by somali piracy, which has seized the attention of the international community in recent years.
Piracy attacks and armed robbery at sea 8 in the gulf of guinea comprised a fifth of all recorded maritime incidents globally in 20. Introduction piracy and armed robbery hereafter referred to as piracy in the gulf of guinea region is an established criminal activity and is of increasing concern to the maritime sector. The above guidance is the best available at the time of publication but is likely to change as reporting new. In addition, in the gulf of guinea, the oil boom has. Apr 11, 2019 with the media reporting of new attacks in recent weeks, including kidnappings for ransom, we examine the piracy threat and its trends in the gulf of guinea. Piracy increased in the first quarter of 2020, with the gulf of guinea continuing to hold its position as the most dangerous waters in the world. Kidnap for ransom piracy trending higher in gulf of guinea heat map of kidnap for ransom incidents off the nigerian coast showing danger zone off the niger delta. The gulf of guinea remains increasingly dangerous for seafarers.
Security council expresses deep concern at piracy in gulf of. The conduction of the swot analysis will occur through 16 international opinions from stakeholders such as individuals, countries, organisations, task forces, etc. The conclusion and signing of the agreement are expected to enhance security in the gulf of guinea and help in curbing maritime crimes such as piracy, crude oil theft, sabotage of oil rigs and. Shipowners and seafarers are required to stay extremely cautious and vigilant when their ship enters a piracy sensitive area. This worrying rise in insecurity follows a period where the gulf of guinea was believed to be emerging from maritime risk, given a gradual decline in vessel attacks in the area from 20 to 2015. Piracy attacks in the gulf of guinea have taken a worrying trend. Piracy in gulf of guinea causes, efforts and solutions. Mohamed mahmoud abdel fattah head of training department regional maritime security institute, aastmt abstract piracy is a global phenomenon negatively affecting the security of the entire maritime traffic in the world. Urges states of region to convene summit to develop common maritime strategy against threat. Reflections on the move from piracy to maritime security 26. London and kuala lumpur, 14 january 2020 despite overall piracy incidents declining in 2019, there was an alarming increase in crew kidnappings across the gulf of guinea, according to the international chamber of commerces international maritime bureaus imb annual piracy report. Surrounded by some of africas most proficient oil producers, including nigeria, angola, gabon, ghana, and equatorial guinea, the gulf is a major transit route for oil tankers on. Piracy in the gulf of guinea and policies against it the gulf of guinea offers 5,000 nautical miles of coastline for the maritime industry.
Maritime piracy and armed robbery at sea are not a new phenomenon in the gulf of guinea, yet pirate attacks have risen constantly over the past ten years. Piracy and maritime security in the gulf of guinea. With the media reporting of new attacks in recent weeks, including kidnappings for ransom, we examine the piracy threat and its trends in the gulf of guinea. The modus operandi of piracy on the gulf of guinea include violence, especially because they utilise sophisticated weapons, such as. Interim guidelines for owners, operators and masters for protection against piracy in the gulf of guinea region to be read in conjunction with bmp4 1. The meeting aimed to help develop a better understanding of the peace and security challenges facing the gulf of guinea by examining the multifaceted threats to the stability of the region. Imb piracy reporting centre piracy and armed robbery a. Piracy and armed robbery at sea continues to threaten seafarers in regions like gulf of guinea, the waters of south east asia and the waters off somalia.
Pirates in the gulf of guinea are flexible in their operations so it is difficult to predict a precise area where a ship might fall victim to piracy. Gulf of guinea worlds most dangerous piracy hotspot in response to two piracy incidents over three days off the coast of togo and benin, both involving crews taken hostage, we reiterate our advice for vessels to operate with a heightened level of security in the gulf of guinea region. Nigeria and maritime security in the gulf of guinea. Piracy and maritime security incidents in the gulf of guinea ivory coast to gabon in 2016. European union institute for security studies euiss.
Introduction piracy and armed robbery hereafter referred to as piracy in the gulf of guinea region is an established criminal activity and is. Pdf piracy and maritime security in the gulf of guinea. Guidelines for owners, operators and masters for protection against piracy in the gulf of guinea region to be read in conjunction with bmp4 1. A third, the gulf of guinea commission, has been an empty shell since its creation in 2001. Recent trends in piracy and armed robbery armed attacks against ships in the oilrich gulf of guinea surged in 2018, making these waters off west and central africa the worlds most dangerous for piracy and armed robbery. The gulf of guinea has once again emerged as the number one global piracy hotspot. Today, the gulf of guinea stands as the most dangerous maritime area in terms. Combating piracy will most likely be a long process. Even though the number of reported piracy attacks in the gulf of guinea has. Armed attacks against ships in the oilrich gulf of guinea surged in 2018, making these waters off west and central. In 2012, the international maritime bureaus imb piracy reporting centre recorded 58. Piracy in gulf of guinea causes, efforts and solutions capt. Dynamics and trends of piracy in the gulf of guinea for much of the past seven years, maritime piracy has been on the increase around africa in spite of growing national, regional and international efforts at improving maritime security in these sea routes. The escalation confirms the gulf of guineas status as the main locus for maritime insecurity in africa.
Updated best practices to deter piracy issued safety4sea. The distinction between piracy and armed robbery at sea is a technical one, and depends on where the act was perpetrated. Its sea basin is an important resource for fisheries and is part of a key sea route for the transport of goods between central and southern africa and the rest of the world. Reports of attacks in waters between the ivory coast and the democratic republic. Kidnap for ransom piracy trending higher in gulf of guinea. Clearly, a specific, realistic solution is needed as soon as possible to minimise the longterm consequences of piracy in the gulf of guinea. While piracy in the gog tends to be nigeriacentric, historical trends indicate the geographic scope of nigeriabased maritime piracy can quickly expand and contract. Pirates in the gulf of guinea are often part of heavily armed criminal enterprises, who employ violent methods to steal oil cargo. Piracy in the gulf of guinea council on foreign relations. Unlike the somali pirates, the pirates in the gulf of guinea target the cargoes, especially the oil laden tankers for their cargo. Maritime security in the gulf of guinea pdf chatham house. Cost of piracy in the gulf of guinea region the cost of piracy in the region comes in various shades. Following our circular on piracy in the gulf of guinea of 30 october 2019 we can now advise that a new maritime security guidance is available for west africa.
In 2018q1, the gog accounted for 29, more than 40% of the global total. Pdf piracy is a global phenomenon negatively affecting the security of the entire maritime traffic in the world. Fighting piracy in the gulf of guinea european union institute for. The latest figures from the international maritime bureau confirm the rising threat of piracy in nigerian waters. Following a spectacular decline in the gulf of aden, incidents of armed robbery at sea and piracy which legally refer to attacks beyond territorial waters are now on the rise in the gulf of guinea. The gulf of guinea is, in many ways, a perfect incubator for piracy, providing both resources and safe haven. Also, iccs imb piracy reporting center noted that nigeria remains risky highlighting the need for vigilance in the gulf of guinea. Research report page 2 of 8 nations affected by the gulf of guinea piracy, however nigeria is the most impacted state, as it is the largest in the region. With the number of recent incidents of piracy in the region. Differences between piracy in the gulf of guinea and piracy off the coast of somalia acts of piracy are not new into the shipping transportation or carriage by sea, it has been there for centuries and happens everywhere though rarely happened in african waters until the years 2005 and onwards. There are three geographical areas which have become zones of.
So far in 2019, the gulf of guinea region accounts for almost 90% of crew taken hostage and more than 80% of crew kidnappings globally, according to the international chamber of commerce international maritime bureau imb. The gulf of guinea is divided between two regional organisations. The gulf of guinea remains a hot spot for piracy, accounting for the vast majority of seagoing hostage seizures and kidnappings globally, according to the international maritime bureau imb. Pdf piracy challenges in the gulf of guinea along the. Fighting rising piracy in the gulf of guinea iss africa. In 2019, nearly half of all reported incidents worldwide and 90 percent of all piracyrelated kidnappings took place in the waters between angola and senegal. Piracy in the gulf of guinea european parliament european union. It shows that maritime piracy continues to be a threat to seafarers, not only in the western indian ocean, but also in the gulf of guinea and south east asia.
There were 47 attacks reported around the world in. The region accounts for 86% of crew taken hostage and nearly 82% of crew kidnappings globally. Modus operandi of piracy in the gulf of guinea and coast of ghana there are a high number of piracy attacks off the gulf of guinea and coast of ghana and this rate is increasing. Guidelines for owners, operators and masters for protection against piracy in the gulf of guinea region v3 june 2018. Apr 11, 2017 piracy and maritime security incidents in the gulf of guinea ivory coast to gabon in 2016. Reports in the last few weeks have highlighted the persistent threat of piracy, armed robbery at sea and kidnapforransom in the gulf of guinea. The effect of piracy on crew and their safety continues to be a cause for concern and transiting west african waters remains particularly difficult. The strategy for stealing hydrocarbons is revolved. In terms of regional action, this institutional division means a. Assessing the threats, preparing the response on june 6, 20, in new york. Piracy challenges in the gulf of guinea along the coast of ghana, togo, benin and nigeria in the midst of its oil finda case study of ghana.
The loss of human lives and valuable property as well as infliction of bodily injuries and trauma to innocent crews and their families are the most obvious direct impacts of pirate activities. Piracy challenges in the gulf of guinea along the coast of. Security council 6727th meeting am security council expresses deep concern at piracy in gulf of guinea. Gulf of guinea worlds most dangerous piracy hotspot. The gulf of guinea is framed by 6 000 km of west african coastline, from senegal to angola.
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